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Hooverville
During the Great Depression of the 1930s, the homeless built ramshackle dwellings on empty lots across the country and named these "towns" Hooverville after the president they felt had abandoned them. This one was in Seattle.
Courtesy of University of Washington Library
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Herbert
Hoover breadboard, probably from 1928 campaign |
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National
Recovery Administration Poster
Herbert Hoover's failure to aggressively meet the challenge of the 1930s depression ended his political career, while Franklin D. Roosevelt's willingness to experiment with untried solutions made him a hero to many Americans for generations.
The National Recovery Administration (NRA) created in 1933 was a keystone of Roosevelt's New Deal program. It aimed to set standards for production, prices, and wages in every industry. It specified maximum hours, minimum wages, safety requirements, and the right to unionize, centralizing economic power in the executive branch as never before. Although declared unconstitutional in 1935, the NRA opened the door for ever-increasing federal oversight of the economy.
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Sewell
Avery, president of Montgomery Ward, was removed from his office
in 1944 for refusing to comply with the rulings of Franklin D. Roosevelt's
National War Labor Board. The army oversaw operations of Montgomery
Ward until the end of World War II.
Courtesy of George Meany Memorial Archives.
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Buttons
protesting Ronald Reagan's firing of members of the Professional Air
Traffic Controllers Organization in 1981 for violating laws against
federal employee strikes.
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